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- Name : Hydrogen
- Symbol : H
- Atomic # : 1
- Atom weight: 1.00794
- Melting P. : -255.34
- Boiling P. : -252.87
- Oxidation : -1, +1
- Pronounced : Hi-dreh-jen
- From : Greek hydro + genes, "water generator"
- Identified : Henry Cavendish in 1766
- Appearance : Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas
- Note : Lightest and simplest element
-
- [Properties]
-
- Hydrogen is chemically unique in a number of ways. Among these unique
- features is its ability to form compounds by giving up an electron or
- acquiring one. Elements that give up electrons to form compounds are
- considered electropositive and appear at the left side of the periodic
- chart of the elements. On the other hand, elements that gain electrons
- to form compounds are called electronegative elements, and appear near
- the righthand side of the periodic chart. Hydrogen is the one and only
- element that can do both; it can be placed in Group IA (electropositive)
- or Group VIIA (electronegative). No other element has an ambiguous
- position on the periodic chart. Most periodic charts show hydrogen in
- its IA position. A few show it in the VIIA position as well.
- Hydrogen tends to be diatomic. This means the molecules are composed of
- two atoms. There are two types of Hydrogen molecules, ortho-hydrogen and
- para-hydrogen. In the ortho-hydrogen molecule, the two protons spin in the
- same plane; in the para-hydrogen moelcule, the spins are in opposite plane.
- This affects the magnet properties and electronic band spectra of the
- molecules.
-